FAQ

Most frequently asked questions can be found by searching the list below. If you require additional information please contact us directly.

Data Acquisition (DAQ) | Oscilloscopes | Memory Recorders

Is HIOKI’s optional PC card the only one I can use?

Can I use any company’s PC card in my HIOKI power meter or Memory HiCorder?

You may not be able to use some PC cards that typically are available for purchase in computer stores and other shops. Please use a genuine HIOKI product for which HIOKI has verified proper operation.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Vertical-axis resolution of Memory HiCorders

The measurement resolution of the Memory HiCorder MR8847’s Analog Unit 8966 is defined as 1/100 of the range. How many bits is the A/D resolution?

Vertical-axis full scale on the Memory HiCorder MR8847 is 20 div. Since the resolution is 1/100 of the range, the number of data points in the range that can be shown on the display is 2,000. However, the instrument actually records 4,000 data points, including those that fall outside the display range. By doing so, it makes it possible to check waveforms outside the screen range by moving the zero-position up or down after recording is complete. Consequently, the user manual and catalog indicate that the instrument uses 12-bit A/D conversion. Please note that the measurement resolution relative to the range varies with the input module and Memory HiCorder or other equipment being used.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Difference between a Memory HiCorder’s maximum rated voltage to earth and its maximum input voltage

In the specifications for a Memory HiCorder input unit, a maximum rated voltage to earth as well as a maximum input voltage are listed. What is the difference between these two characteristics?

The maximum rated voltage to earth is the upper limit voltage that can be applied between input channel and the instrument’s enclosure or between input channels without damaging the instrument. By contrast, the maximum rated input voltage is the upper limit voltage that can be applied between input terminals without damaging the instrument.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Data Loggers | Multichannel Loggers

Is HIOKI’s optional PC card the only one I can use?

Can I use any company’s PC card in my HIOKI power meter or Memory HiCorder?

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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I’m unable to use USB communications with the LR8431.

I purchased an LR8431, installed the Logger Utility, and connected the instrument to my computer with a USB cable, but the computer won’t recognize the LR8431.

The LR8431 can use USB flash drives and is set to do so by default when it ships from the factory. To use the Logger Utility, change the USB mode from “USB flash drive” to “USB communications” on the System screen.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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I want to record a 4 to 20 mA instrumentation signal.

I’d like to record a 4 to 20 mA measurement signal with my Memory HiLogger, but the instrument lacks a suitable measurement range. Is there a method I can use to record this signal?

Attach a 250 Ω resistor to the Memory HiLogger’s terminal block along with the signal wires so that the 4 to 20 mA current is converted to, and input as, a 1 to 5 V voltage. The Memory HiLogger’s 1 to 5 V measurement range is convenient in this setup. You can also use the instrument’s scaling function to convert displayed values to desired values.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Data Loggers | Temperature Data Loggers | Compact Loggers

PW3360 recording time

For how long can the PW3360 record data on an SD card (2 GB)?

The Clamp On Power Logger PW3360 series testers save data on the Z4001, a 2 GB SD card. For example, if “Average only” is selected as the save parameter while using the 3P2W2M setting, the following save times are achieved (time shown on the PW3360):

Save interval time: 1 sec. → 42.4 days
2 sec. → 84.9 days
5 sec. → 212 days
10 sec. or more → 1 year

If “All” is selected as the save parameter while using the 3P3W2M setting, the following save times are achieved:

Save interval time: 1 sec. → 16.1 days
2 sec. → 32.3 days
5 sec. → 80.7 days
10 sec. → 161 days
15 sec. → 242 days
30 sec. → 1 year

The maximum file size for measurement data is approximately 200 MB. When this amount is exceeded, a separate file will be created, and data will be saved in the new file.

Reference: The PW3360 series testers’ maximum recording time is 1 year.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Measurement of the secondary side of an inverter

What type of instrument should I use to measure an inverter’s current and voltage?

Typically, you should use a true RMS instrument to measure the current and voltage on the primary side of an inverter because such instruments can accurately measure distorted waveforms. The same type of instrument should be used to measure the current on the secondary side of an inverter. By contrast, you should use a average rectified-type instrument to measure the voltage on the secondary side of an inverter. Use of the average rectification method makes it possible to obtain values that are close to the fundamental component. Therefore, it is recommended to use a true RMS tester to measure the current and voltage on the primary side of an inverter as well as the current on the secondary side, and a average rectified-type tester to measure voltage on the secondary side.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Using a Bluetooth type data logger in another country

Can I use the Wireless Humidity Logger LR8514 (Bluetooth) in China?

Bluetooth communication technology must be approved for use each country.
The LR8514's Bluetooth function is approved for use in China. Please refer to the specification of each model.
LR8514 (Please see Specifications.)
https://www.hioki.com/en/products/detail/?product_key=5837
For your reference, the LR8410-30 is the approved model in the LR8410 series for use in China.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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LCR Meters | Impedance Analyzers | Capacitance Meters

How can I download the application and learn more about communications commands?

You can download the sample application and view the Communications Command User Manual here.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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IM3570 data format

What format does the Impedance Analyzer IM3570 use to save data?

The instrument saves data in either CSV or BMP format.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Current dependency and voltage dependency

What can you tell me about sample current and voltage dependency?

Inductors with cores exhibit current dependency. Air-core inductors do not exhibit current dependency. An LCR meter’s V and CV (constant-voltage) modes can be used to measure samples that exhibit voltage dependency (ceramic capacitors, etc.). Select CV mode when you do not wish to change the voltage applied to both ends of the sample. To the extent that the voltage value is monitored and controlled with feedback, CV mode results in longer measurement times than V mode.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Resistance Meters | Battery Testers

What precautions apply when measuring an inductor or transformer?

Are there any precautions that should be observed when measuring an inductor or transformer?

When measuring the resistance of an inductor or transformer after conducting an insulation withstanding test, you could damage the resistance meter if the output voltage from the insulation withstanding tester is inadvertently applied to it. Exercise caution concerning the following when using a custom-designed switching system to perform measurement. Ensure that the switching device (relay, switch, etc.) does not cause the high voltage from the insulation withstanding tester to be applied to the resistance meter. Additionally, allow sufficient time for the measurement target to discharge after the test before performing resistance measurement as it will have become charged.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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How do resistance meters make measurements?

What measurement principles do resistance meters use?

When a current I is applied to the object under measurement, a resistance R and the voltage V are generated with the relationship R = V / I. The resistance R can be calculated using this relationship. Resistance meters provide three measurement methods: constant current (CC), which applies a constant current to the sample; constant voltage (CV), which applies a constant voltage to both ends of the sample; and a third that applies the voltage across the combination of the instrument’s output impedance and the series-connected sample. HIOKI resistance meters use the CC method. Super-insulation resistance meters use the CV method, and some LCR meters allow the user to select any of the three methods.
Applicable products: 3541, RM3542, RM3543, RM3544, RM3548

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Can a battery tester be used to diagnose deterioration in alkaline batteries?

Can the 3554 be used to diagnose deterioration in industrial-use alkaline batteries?

Since industrial-use alkaline batteries exhibit only a small change in resistance value when they deteriorate, it is difficult to use the 3554 to diagnose deterioration in service life (by measuring changes in internal resistance).

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Instability of 3554 measured values

When I used the 3554 to measure a battery’s internal resistance, the instrument was unable to display the reading because the resistance values were unstable.

If the measured values are unstable as described below, try the suggested action under “Causes and solutions.”

Symptoms
1. The measured values are abnormal.
2. The instrument display shows “----.”
3. The instrument display shows “OF.”

Causes and solutions
1. There is a wiring break in the test leads. → Replace the test leads.
*Test leads that have been bent frequently in the past may develop a break in their wiring.
2. The test leads are not connected properly. → Connect the test leads properly.
3. The 3554’s fuse has blown. → Replace the fuse.
4. Zero-adjustment has not been performed properly. → Perform zero-adjustment properly.
5. An appropriate range has not been selected. → Select an appropriate range with the instrument’s range button.
6. The tip of the pin-type lead is damaged. → The tip pin on the 9465-10 and 9772 (9465-90/9772-90) is user-replaceable.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Using manganese batteries for the BT3554

Can I use manganese batteries to power the BT3554?

The specifications for continuous operatiing time (8.5 hours approx.) is defined for alkaline batteries.
If you use manganese batteries, the continuous operating time becomes significantly less (2.5 hours approx., reference only).

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Using NiMH batteries for the BT3554

Can I use NiMH (nickel metal hydride ) batteries to power the BT3554?

Technically, you can.
However, the BT3554 was designed to operate with alkaline batteries, so there will be large discrepancies on the battery level indicator because of the different discharge characteristics between NiMH and alkaline batteries.
The indicator operates based on the characteristics of alkaline batteries. Therefore, the unit may shut off suddenly even if the power indicator shows sufficient battery life when you use NiMH batteries.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Maximum battery capacitance measured by the battery tester

What is the highest capacity (ampere hour) of a battery on which I can measure internal resistance and voltage?

There is no limit with regardds to battery capacity (Ah), because the battery tester measures using an AC signal and there is no DC current injection to the battery under test.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Scanner system for the BT3562

Please advise what should be noted when making a scanner system for the BT3562. The measured value sometimes shows "-----" when the BT3562 is used with my scanner.

Please note the following.
* Use a relay designed for signals with low noise.
* Locate the HI and LO of the SENSE side as close as possible to each other to minimize the loop area. Do the same for the SOURCE side, etc.
* Keep enough distance betweeen SENSE and SOURCE to prevent interference with each other.
* Keep enough distance between cables and metallic parts (chassis, etc.).
* When using a socket type power relay, a contact error may occur via the oxide film on its contact section and the measurement value may display "-----" (measurement error). Please change the relay to a signal type.
* The cabling path resistance between HI and LO is allowed up to 2-ohm only when using the 3m-ohm or 30m-ohm range. Please pay careful attention when selecting the cable length and thickness, number of relays and probe contact resistance, etc.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Accuracy calculation of LCR meters

Please advise how to calculate measurement accuracy uncertainty on LCR meters.

Please download the LCR Sample Application (IM3523/IM3533/IM3533-01/IM3536/IM3570/IM3590/IM7580) from the link below.
There is an accuracy calculation function for various Hioki LCR models.

https://www.hioki.com/en/support/versionup/detail/?downloadid=257

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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How to transfer the data of the BT3554 to a PC

I cannot transfer the data saved in the memory of the BT3554 via USB. I use the "Application Software for Battery HiTESTER 3554".

The software "Application Software for Battery HiTESTER 3554" is not compatible to the BT3554.
Please use the "GENNECT Cross for Windows" fto transfer the data from the BT3554.
GENNECT Cross for Windows
https://app.hioki.com/appli_pc/index_e.html
This software is also compatible to the previous model 3554, except Indows 8 and 10.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Maximum allowable voltage input to the 3554 Battery Tester

What happens if 500V is input to the 3554 by mistake?

The protective fuse will blow before 100V DC is reached on the 3554.
For your reference, the fuse blows at +/-110V DC or 80V AC (50/60Hz) on the BT3554.

The fuse rating is 250V, but is voltage applied between both ends of the fuse.
Therefore, it is different from the voltage measured between input terminals.
The input voltage is divided by the circuit and the lower voltage is applied to the fuse.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Temperature compensation on the battery tester

Is it possible to conduct temperature compensation for the internal resistance measured by the BT3554 with the Clip-type Lead with Temperature Sensor 9460?

Ther BT3554 does not have a temperature compensation function.
The 9460 measures the temperature of the battery teminal.
The internal resistance of battery changes according to temperature, so the temperature information can be used as reference to analyze the changes to the battery's internal resistance values.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Super Megohmmeters | Electrometers | Picoammeters

Sorry, No FAQ Available!

Electrical Safety Analyzers | Hipot Testers

Inability to start testing with the 3174 insulation withstanding tester

I’ve purchased a 3174 and have just opened the box. Why can’t I use the instrument to conduct a test?

The instrument ships with its double-action function activated for safety reasons. This function ensures that measurement does not start if the START button is not pressed within 0.5 seconds of the STOP button being pressed. If you do not require this function to be enabled, it can be disabled as described on page 81 of the user manual.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Shortening testing time with withstanding testers

Which standards provide information about shortening testing time with the 3158 withstanding tester?

For example, IEC 61010 (Appendix F) addresses shortening of testing time. Please consult the specifications you’re using as specific rules vary. If there is a routine test item in the specifications, you should be able to refer to that.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Inability to start a withstanding test

When I try to start the test, measurement does not start.

The instrument will not make measurements or judgments until the actual output voltage reaches the set test voltage. Depending on the device being tested, it may take some time for the test voltage to be reached. For example, if there is capacitance, it may take time for the test voltage to be reached due to the time constant, which is determined by the capacitance and resistance values. With high resistance, the time constant for the measurement circuit may cause it to take some time for measured values to be displayed.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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The digital insulation resistance meter I’m using displayed “OF.”

What does this mean?

“OF” means “overflow,” and it is equivalent to an infinite result on an analog insulation resistance meter. Digital Megaohm HiTesters display “OF” when the measured value is greater than or equal to the resistance display range. As a rule, this indicates extremely good insulation, although you should short the test lead tips on a regular basis to verify that there are no broken connections causing this result.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Measured values on my insulation resistance meter vary. What might be causing this?

Insulators generally have the following characteristics. Their resistance value varies with temperature. (The resistance value decreases as the temperature increases.) Their resistance value varies with the voltage being used to measure it. (The resistance value decreases as higher voltages are applied during measurement.) Their resistance value decreases as they absorb moisture. (The resistance value decreases dramatically under conditions of high humidity.)

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Benchtop Digital Multimeters (DMMs)

High-resistance measurement with the 3237, 3238, and 3239

I use the 3237, 3238, and 3239 to perform high-resistance measurement, but at and above 5 MΩ measured values vary widely. Is the instrument broken?

The instrument may be set to the wrong power supply frequency. This can have a pronounced effect during high-resistance measurement. Precaution concerning high-resistance measurement: Since this type of measurement is susceptible to the effects of external noise, shield the red leads and the measurement target and connect the shielding to the instrument’s COM terminal.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Please tell me about the internal resistance of analog testers.

The specifications of the HiTester 3030-10 and Multi Tester 3008 indicate an internal resistance of 20 kΩ/V. Please tell me about the effects of the tester’s internal resistance.

Although internal resistance would ideally be infinite, testers always have a certain internal resistance. DMMs have a high internal resistance that is generally at least 10 MΩ (although it may vary with the measurement range), while analog testers (3030-10, 3008) have a DC voltmeter with an internal resistance of 20 kΩ/V (the 3030-10’s 0.3 V range has an internal resistance of 16.7 kΩ/V). When measuring a circuit’s voltage, the tester’s internal resistance is connected in parallel with the actual measurement circuit. The magnitude of the effect of the internal resistance is determined by the proportion of the resistance of the circuit being measured to the tester’s internal resistance, and it decreases as the tester’s internal resistance increases. Consequently, it is necessary to exercise caution when measuring a high-resistance circuit such as a transistor base circuit with a tester that has a low internal resistance, because the indicated voltage will be lower than the actual voltage.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Signal Generators | Calibrators

Can a current be generated even if voltages are superposed?

How can I generate 4 to 20 mA current when using the SS7012 with a 24 V power supply?

It is not problematic to use a 24 V power supply. Use constant-current output from -4 to -20 mA. Both the SS7012 and 7016 generate bipolar output that can operate as either sink or source.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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High Precision Power Meters | Power Analyzers

Is HIOKI’s optional PC card the only one I can use?

Can I use any company’s PC card in my HIOKI power meter or Memory HiCorder?

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Measurement of the secondary side of an inverter

What type of instrument should I use to measure an inverter’s current and voltage?

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Differences between the 3390 and 3390-10

How do the functions of the 3390 and 3390-10 differ?

The 3390 and 3390-10 do not differ in terms of functionality. The 3390-10 provides high-accuracy performance for the following ranges when used in combination with a specially designed high-accuracy pass-through sensor:
Voltage: DC
Current and active power: DC and 45 to 66 Hz frequency range
Power factor effect (active power with a low power factor): 45 to 66 Hz frequency range
In other frequency ranges, the 3390-10 delivers the same level of accuracy as the 3390 used with the CT6862, CT6863, or 9709.
High accuracy is guaranteed when used in combination with the CT6862-10, CT6863-10, and 9709-10. High accuracy is only guaranteed when these sensors are used in combination with the 3390-10.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Loss due to the instrument connection method

Do measured values vary with the power meter connection?

When connecting the instrument, the voltage input terminals can be connected to the load, or the current terminals can be connected to the load. Which connection should be used varies with the magnitude of the voltage and current being measured.

Connecting the voltage terminals to the load
Power measurements will include loss from the voltage input terminals’ input resistance. Loss due to the instrument can be minimized when the measured voltage is low and the measured current is small.

Connecting the current terminals to the load
Power measurements will include loss from the current input terminals’ input resistance. Loss due to the instrument can be minimized when the measured voltage is high and the measured current is small.

When using clamp-on sensor input, the sensor’s loss can be ignored for the most part.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Negative sign on power factor value (power meters)

Why is power factor expressed with a negative sign? Is there any relationship between the polarity of power factor and active power?

The polarity sign of power factor represents the phase relationship between the voltage and current.
It is positive (+) when voltage lags relative to current.
On the other hand, negative (-) means that voltage leads current.
There is no relationship to the polarity sign of active power (W).

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Polarity sign of power factor (power meters)

What does it mean to have a negative power factor value?

Our power meters/analyzers display power factor polarty to illustrate the following:

No sign (+): Current LAGs voltage.
Negative (-): Current LEADs voltage.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Power Quality Analyzers | Power Loggers

Is HIOKI’s optional PC card the only one I can use?

Can I use any company’s PC card in my HIOKI power meter or Memory HiCorder?

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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PW3360 recording time

For how long can the PW3360 record data on an SD card (2 GB)?

Save interval time: 1 sec. → 42.4 days
2 sec. → 84.9 days
5 sec. → 212 days
10 sec. or more → 1 year

If “All” is selected as the save parameter while using the 3P3W2M setting, the following save times are achieved:

Save interval time: 1 sec. → 16.1 days
2 sec. → 32.3 days
5 sec. → 80.7 days
10 sec. → 161 days
15 sec. → 242 days
30 sec. → 1 year

The maximum file size for measurement data is approximately 200 MB. When this amount is exceeded, a separate file will be created, and data will be saved in the new file.

Reference: The PW3360 series testers’ maximum recording time is 1 year.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Measurement of the secondary side of an inverter

What type of instrument should I use to measure an inverter’s current and voltage?

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Loss due to the instrument connection method

Do measured values vary with the power meter connection?

When using clamp-on sensor input, the sensor’s loss can be ignored for the most part.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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I’d like to record data over an extended period of time with my Power Quality Analyzer (repeat recording).

The PW3198 has a repeat recording setting. How can I use this function?

The Power Quality Analyzer PW3198 can use a single measurement interval of up to 35 days in length. However, you can configure repeat recording if you wish to record longer periods of time. You can repeatedly record data every day or week and save it on the SD card for up to 55 weeks (when using a 2 GB SD card).

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Can the PC card be removed during measurement?

I’d like to save data to a computer while measurement is ongoing. Can I remove the PC card during measurement?

As a rule, the card should not be removed during measurement. The data will be corrupted if the card is inserted or removed while the instrument is saving data. If you must capture measurement data during measurement, the card can be removed during interval measurement while the instrument is not saving data. Please avoid removing the card if using a short interval time.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Negative P1 value for a clamp-on power meter

I’m checking measurement data with a clamp-on power meter, but the P1 value is negative. Is this value correct?

When you look at measurement data from the Clamp On Power HiTester 3169 in 3P3W2M mode, you’ll find P1 and P2 values. Regardless of whether the instrument has been connected properly, one of the two values may be negative. For example, the P1 measured value may be negative when measuring the power of a motor operating under a light load. The 3169’s 3P3W2M mode uses two-power measurement. Since the 3-phase power is calculated by adding P1 and P2 (as per Blondel’s theorem), it is not a problem for either P1 or P2 to be negative as long as the instrument has been connected properly.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Error upon connection check

The instrument indicates an error when it checks the connection, even though it is connected properly.

The connection check function may indicate an error even though the instrument is connected properly, or it may yield an OK result even though the instrument is not connected properly. Check for problems with the vector display or measured values. Particularly when the power factor is 0.5 or less, the phase difference (I-U) may trigger an error even if the instrument is connected properly. If you check the connection and find no problem, measurement can be performed without issue despite the indicated error.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Display of measurement data in a format such as “1.05E+02”

When I used Excel to view measurement data recorded onto a PC card with a clamp-on power meter, the voltage U1 was displayed in a format such as “1.05E+02.”

When CSV-format data from the 3169 is opened in Excel, it is displayed using exponents. “1.05E+02” means 1.05×102.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Cannot save PW3360-21 harmonic data in CSV using the SF1001

I am analyzing the binary data recorded by the PW3360-21 on the SF1001, but I cannot save the data in CSV.

The SF1001 saves harmonic data in binary format only.
The other data can be saved in CSV, but the data displayed in "Harmonic: List" and "Harmonic: Graph" cannot be saved in CSV.
The harmonic data displayed in "Time-series graph", "Summary", or "Report Daily/Weekly/Monthly" screen can be saved in CSV. Please use these data as alternatives if you need CSV data.

Hioki USA March 7, 2019

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How to observe recorded data from Clamp-on Power Meters on a PC. (PW3360, PW3365)

How can observe the data recorded by the PW3360 (PW3365) on a PC?

The data recorded by the PW3360 and PW3365 is CSV data, so that you can analyze on MS Excel in addition to our optional softwware Power Logger Viewer SF1001. Also, we offer the PW3360/PW3365 Auto Excel Graph Creation Application on our website.
https://www.hioki.com/en/support/versionup/detail/?downloadid=209
Unfortunately, the data cannot be re-loaded to the PW3360 or PW3365 itself.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Displaying the phase voltage in 3P3W (delta) configuration on the PW3198

Is it possible to display the phase voltage in 3P3W (delta) configuration on the PW3198?

Yes, it is possible. First set 3P3W3M wiring. Then, select "PHASE-N" for "Urms type" in the "SYSTEM-MAIN" screem. If you select "LINE-LINE", the voltage between phases (line-to-line) can be displayed.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Converting the Event waveform data to CSV on the PQ ONE

When I output the event waveform data measured by the PQ3100 ifrom the PQ ONE in CSV, the CSV file has only 1 digit after the second in the Time column of the CSV data. I would like to have the same resolution to the PQ ONE screen.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Rated current of magnet adapters

What is the rated current of the Magnet adapter 9804? I plan to use it for the power supply with the Voltage Line Power Adapter PW9003.

It is 2A rated.
However, please note that it is not able to measure the current.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Leakage current measurement using the 3169

Is it possible to measure the leakage current using the Clamp on Power HITESTER 3169?

There is no clamp on sensor selection for the Leak Current Sensors 9657-10 or 9675 on the 3169.
However, you can use them by making the following settings.
Sensor: 9661 (100mV AC/A)
CT ratio: 0.01
By observing the fundamental frequency (1st order) captured during harmonic measurement, you can identify leakage current at 50/60Hz.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Difference between the transient and other event waveforms (power quality analyzers)

Why are the waveforms recorded by the PW3198 are different between transient and other events?

The PW3198 measures normal power quality items and transient overvoltage separately and differently:
* Normal power quality event: 200kS/s, waveform saved for "2 cycles + 200ms + 2 cycies" after thinning to 20kS/s
* Transient overvoltage: 2MS/s, waveform saved for 2ms before and after detection as 2MS/s data through 5kHz LPF to remove the fundamental frequency component.
Applicable models: PW3198, 9624-50, 3196

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Recording the maximum value (PW3360)

I recorded power using the Clamp On Power Logger PW3360 at15min intervals. However, I cannot find the maximum data. Why?

On the PW3360, you can select to record "Average only" or "All".
Average only: Record the average value of each interval
All: Record the maximum, minimum and avarage values of each interval.
Pleaase confirm if "All" has been set.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Current range of the 9694 when used with power meters or power quality analyzers (3169, 3196, 3197, PQ3100, PW3198, PW3360, PW3365)

Is it possible to set the 50A range on the PW3360 when using the Clamp On Sensor 9694 (5A AC)?

The rated current of the 9694 is 5A AC, but its maximum input current is 50A continuous.
Therefore, the 9694 can be used in the 50A range with the PW3360.
However, please note that the accuracy of the 9694 is specified only up to 5A, and there is no defined accuracy for the 10A and 50A ranges.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Inrush current event setting on the Power Quality Analyzer PW3198

I want to measure inrush current using the PW3198. In the EVENT2-CURRENT screen, there are "Inrush" and "I peak" selections. Which one is more appropriate to capture inrush current at 5A instantaneous peak?

Both are able to detect and capture the event waveform, though the detection timing is slightly different due to the differing threshold definitions:

Inrush: Detect when the current RMS value (half cycle) is 5A or higher.
I peak: Detect when the waveform peak is 5A or higher.

Hioki USA March 8, 2019

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Current Probes | Current Sensors

Clamp sensor voltage to earth

The specifications for the Clamp On Leak HiTester 3283 indicate a maximum rated voltage to earth of 300 V rms AC (insulated conductor) (CAT III, 300 V). Can the 3283 be used to measure a 3-phase 400 V circuit?

The voltage indicated with the CAT II to CAT IV measurement category is the voltage to ground. For example, with a 3-phase/3-wire or 3-phase/4-wire 400 V circuit, the line voltage is 415 V, but the voltage to ground is 240 V. Consequently, a CAT III (300 V) measuring instrument can be used to safely measure a 400 V line in a location that falls under CAT III. All current testers, DMMs, and clamp-on ammeters that bear the CE mark are designed for use in CAT III measurement of 300 V or higher.

*CAT III: A circuit from the primary side of a device (fixed equipment) drawing electricity directly from a distribution panel or from a distribution panel to an outlet

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Optical Power Meters | PV maintenance | LAN Cable Testers

How can the 3665 measure LAN cable length?

How is cord length measured?

The LAN Cable HiTester 3665 uses time domain reflectometry (TDR) to measure LAN cable length. The instrument sends a pulse signal from the end of the cord and measures the time difference when the signal returns, which it then uses to calculate the cable length.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Magnetic Field | Temperature | Sound Level | Lux | Rotation

Infrared thermometer measurable temperature range

How far away can an infrared thermometer take readings?

In general, there is no limit on the measuring distance for infrared thermometers, but the field of view becomes problematic. Infrared thermometers work by detecting infrared energy emitted from the object being measured. The distance at which measurement is performed should be determined based on the infrared thermometer’s measuring field of view. While this differs depending on the model, the further away the instrument, the larger the field of view. Keep in mind that the temperature reading represents the average temperature in that field of view.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Testers | Digital Multimeters (DMMs)

Measurement of the secondary side of an inverter

What type of instrument should I use to measure an inverter’s current and voltage?

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Please tell me about the internal resistance of analog testers.

The specifications of the HiTester 3030-10 and Multi Tester 3008 indicate an internal resistance of 20 kΩ/V. Please tell me about the effects of the tester’s internal resistance.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Resistance function protection

How is a digital tester’s resistance function protected?

Since the resistance function measures the target resistance by passing a current through it, the input resistance between the measurement terminals is low. Therefore, the tester is protected by damage in the event of an overvoltage input by an overcurrent protection device, which makes it difficult for current to flow.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Measurement current during resistance measurement

What current is used when performing resistance measurement with a digital tester?

Broadly speaking, there are two measurement methods.

Constant-voltage method: The current is given by the resistance value being measured and the internal circuit’s reference resistance value and protective resistance, and it varies with the measurement voltage that is applied. I = Measurement voltage / (Reference resistance + protective resistance + resistance being measured)

Constant-current method: A constant current flows to the resistance being measured, and the resistance value is calculated from the resulting voltage drop. Measurement currents for individual ranges can be checked in the product’s user manual.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Voltage function protection

How is a digital tester’s voltage function protected?

The voltage function receives a voltage signal with an input resistance of 10 MΩ. The high input resistance itself serves as input protection.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Current function protection

How is a digital tester’s current function protected?

Tester damage is prevented by means of a fuse. During current measurement, current flows to the detection resistor (shunt resistor), and the current is calculated based on the resulting voltage drop. Since the input resistance between the current measurement terminals is low, application of an overvoltage would cause a large current to flow momentarily. Consequently, the protective fuse is selected based on a consideration of that fact.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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New standard for test probes

I heard that the IEC 61010 international safety standard for measuring instruments has been revised. What has changed?

The IEC 61010-031 international safety standard for probes was revised, and the new standard went into effect in March 2011. There were two major changes made in response to safety-related requests. The pins on the tips of test probes used for CAT III and CAT IV measurements are now required to limit exposed metal to 4 mm or less (compared to 19 mm previously) to prevent short-circuits and to use two layers of differently colored insulation to allow cable wear to be detectable visually (compared to a single layer previously). HIOKI will modify its testers, probes, and other measurement products over time to comply with these revisions. Safety categories are also defined based on the measuring instrument itself. For example, even if the probe being used is a CAT III 1,000 V model, the CAT III 600 V safety standard will apply if the measuring instrument being used is a CAT III 600 V model.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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The polarity (+/-) was reversed when I made a measurement using the resistance range. Is the instrument broken?

I have a question about an analog tester. The polarity (+/-) is reversed when performing measurements with the resistance range. Why is this? Wouldn’t this invite mistakes, for example when checking diode polarity?

When using an analog tester, after switching from the voltmeter to the resistance meter, the voltmeter’s positive lead is the resistance meter’s negative lead, and the voltmeter’s negative lead is the resistance meter’s positive lead. Please be sure that you understand this fact before using the instrument.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Insulation Testers | Megohmmeters

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Clamp Meters | Clamp Multimeters

Clamp sensor voltage to earth

*CAT III: A circuit from the primary side of a device (fixed equipment) drawing electricity directly from a distribution panel or from a distribution panel to an outlet

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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What is the filter function?

When should the filter function provided by the 3282 and 3293-50 be used?

The growing popularity of switching power supplies and inverter-equipped devices has made it more likely that harmonic components may be superposed on leak current waveforms. The filter function provided by the 3283 and 3293-50 corresponds to the earth leakage breaker (ELB) response frequency. By turning the filter function on, you can achieve the same frequency bandwidth (180 Hz) as an ELB, allowing measurement of leak current with a commercial power frequency component.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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How is leak current measured?

Why can leak current be measured by clamping two power supply lines?

If there is no leak current, the magnetic flux generated around the conductive wire from the power supply and the magnetic flux of the current in the returning wire cancel each other out, causing the clamp leak current meter to indicate a reading of 0. However, if there is a leak on the load side of the clamped conductor, there will be a difference between the magnetic flux of the outgoing current and the returning current, and the magnetic flux corresponding to this difference will be the current that is leaking on the load side. Similar leak current measurement can be performed for a 3-phase circuit by clamping all three wires at once.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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There’s a difference between the measured value and the inverter’s display value.

I measured the secondary side of an inverter with a 3285 (3284), but the measured value differs from the value displayed on the inverter.

The discrepancy with the inverter’s display value could be due to the following causes:
• The inverter may be displaying the primary-side current value.
• The value may be affected by inverter noise and harmonics.
• The difference may derive from the difference between RMS (true RMS) and MEAN (average rectified) measurement. (The 3285 uses RMS.)

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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3281 peak hold function

The 3281 and 3282 also have a peak function. Is it possible to capture the crest value for a rush current as with the 3284 and 3285?

Although the 3281 and 3282 offer peak hold capability through the combination of peak measurement and recording measurement, these instruments are not able to capture crest values 100% of the time. The 3281 updates the data every 250 ms. Measurement takes 128 ms, but calculation and display processing take up the remaining time, raising the possibility that a peak might be missed.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Ground Resistance Testers | Phase Rotation Meters | Voltage Detectors

Measurement frequency switching on earth testers

The Earth HiTester 3151 has frequency switch settings such as 3a and 3b. What are these? Which should I use in normal measurement?

Use of inverters that utilize semiconductor control elements has surged recently in manufacturing plants and other facilities, leading to an increase of cases in which leak currents flowing to grounding lines include not only fundamental components as in the past, but also numerous harmonic components. When measuring grounding lines that remain connected, for example during maintenance inspections, harmonic current leaking from equipment may prevent indicated values from stabilizing. Two frequencies are provided so that it is possible to limit interference with harmonic currents by switching the frequency being measured in such situations and thereby allow stable measurement (575 Hz and 600 Hz). If the indicated value fails to stabilize, try switching the frequency.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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How do clamp on earth testers make measurements?

Clamp on earth testers measure grounding resistance by clamping the ground line. How do they calculate the resistance value?

The clamp part of the Clamp On Earth Tester FT6380/FT6381 has a two-layer core that includes a voltage injector and a sensor to measure current. The clamp is applied to the measurement target’s grounding resistance Rx, and the voltage V is injected from the voltage injector. Using the constant voltage and measured current, the overall resistance of a loop with multiple groundings can be calculated with the following formula: Rx + 1/(1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + 1/R4…) = V / I. *If the second term on the left side of the formula is sufficiently less than the first term (grounding electrodes are connected in parallel; when there are many grounding electrodes, the second term decreases the more grounding electrodes there are), Rx can be expressed as follows: Rx = V/I. The FT6380 and FT6381 can measure multiple groundings in which a single wire is grounded multiple times. Multiple groundings include structural groundings and groundings used at chemical plants and for communications. These instruments cannot be used to measure single or independent groundings such as those for which residential grounding electrodes are used.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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How do contactless phase detectors work?

How can the contactless Phase Detector 3129 detect the phase without making contact with the conductor?

The Phase Detector 3129 uses a static induction voltage sensor. When clipped an insulated wire, this sensor can measure the voltage to earth by means of capacitive coupling, allowing the instrument to detect the voltage phase (R, S, or T), display a red lamp, and indicate the phase order. Unlike conventional phase detectors that had to be clipped directly to a live metal conductor, this product safely prevents contact and short-circuit accidents.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Automatic Test Equipment (ATE)

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Meter Relays

Meter relay supply voltage

Is it possible to manufacture meter relays with a supply voltage other than 100 V AC?

In addition to the standard 100 V AC model, HIOKI can manufacture units with a supply voltage of 200 V AC if specified at the time of order. Supply voltages of 110 V AC, 120 V AC, 220 V AC, 230 V AC, 240 V AC, 12 V DC, and 24 V DC are also available by special order.

Hioki USA June 15, 2017

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Specialized Solutions

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Other Electrical Measuring Instruments

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